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带有 Qdrant @: 深底的自定义“-” 矢量数据库
Sunday, 23 November 2025
一. 导言导言 导言 导言 导言
与RAG系列有关的📖 此篇文章为 Qdrant @ ,}提供深度下潜到 QdrantMSK0 中的矢量数据库@:\ {
解冻 ( @propubliced@"") 是一个在 Rust中建的 Open_-}源矢量数据库。
什么是 Qdrant?
AA 矢量数据库 允许快速相似性搜索@.}与找到精确匹配的传统的数据库不同 {,}Qdrant finding 字义相似 .
flowchart LR
A[Text: 'Docker deployment'] --> B[Embedding Model]
B --> C["Vector: [0.12, -0.34, 0.56, ...]"]
C --> D[Qdrant]
E[Query: 'container setup'] --> F[Embedding Model]
F --> G["Vector: [0.11, -0.32, 0.58, ...]"]
G --> H[Similarity Search]
D --> H
H --> I[Similar Results]
style B stroke:#6366f1,stroke-width:3px
style D stroke:#ef4444,stroke-width:3px
style F stroke:#6366f1,stroke-width:3px
style H stroke:#10b981,stroke-width:2px
密钥 Qdrant 特性 @:
核心概念
实收款
AA 收藏收藏 是像表-}它持有固定维度和距离的矢量
flowchart TB
subgraph Collection["Collection: blog_posts"]
A[Vector Size: 384]
B[Distance: Cosine]
C[HNSW Index]
end
subgraph Points
D[Point 1: slug=docker-intro]
E[Point 2: slug=kubernetes-basics]
F[Point N...]
end
Collection --> Points
style A stroke:#6366f1,stroke-width:2px
style B stroke:#6366f1,stroke-width:2px
style C stroke:#f59e0b,stroke-width:2px
style D stroke:#10b981,stroke-width:2px
style E stroke:#10b981,stroke-width:2px
// Create collection - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/collections/#create-a-collection
await client.CreateCollectionAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
vectorsConfig: new VectorParams
{
Size = 384, // Must match your embedding model
Distance = Distance.Cosine // Best for text embeddings
}
);
远程度量 (医生数):
- 余弦 - 度量矢量之间的角度 % MS K1}最佳文本=
- 点点 - 原始内部产品 @( 预设的- 正常化矢量@)
- 欧元 空间数据的几何距离 ( 空间数据=)
点点
AA 点 是包含 @:}的单一记录
flowchart LR
subgraph Point
A[ID: uuid/int]
B["Vector: float[384]"]
C[Payload: JSON metadata]
end
style A stroke:#8b5cf6,stroke-width:2px
style B stroke:#f59e0b,stroke-width:2px
style C stroke:#10b981,stroke-width:2px
// Upsert points - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/points/#upload-points
var point = new PointStruct
{
Id = new PointId { Uuid = Guid.NewGuid().ToString() },
Vectors = embedding, // float[384]
Payload =
{
["slug"] = "my-post",
["title"] = "Vector Databases",
["language"] = "en",
["categories"] = new[] { "AI", "Databases" },
["published"] = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.ToUnixTimeSeconds()
}
};
await client.UpsertAsync("blog_posts", points: new[] { point });
过滤
过滤 运行中 之前 极有效率的 @.
flowchart TB
A[Search Query] --> B{Apply Filters First}
B --> C[Language = 'en']
B --> D[Year >= 2024]
C --> E[Filtered Subset]
D --> E
E --> F[Vector Similarity Search]
F --> G[Ranked Results]
style B stroke:#ec4899,stroke-width:3px
style E stroke:#f59e0b,stroke-width:2px
style F stroke:#6366f1,stroke-width:2px
style G stroke:#10b981,stroke-width:2px
// Filter conditions - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/filtering/#filtering-conditions
var filter = new Filter
{
Must = // AND conditions
{
new Condition { Field = new FieldCondition
{
Key = "language",
Match = new Match { Keyword = "en" }
}},
new Condition { Field = new FieldCondition
{
Key = "published",
Range = new Range { Gte = 1704067200 } // 2024-01-01
}}
},
MustNot = // Exclude conditions
{
new Condition { Field = new FieldCondition
{
Key = "slug",
Match = new Match { Keyword = "draft-post" }
}}
}
};
过滤器类型 (医生数):
Match.Keyword- 精確的字符串匹配Match.Text- full-text 匹配Match.Any- 匹配任意数组Range-+Numeric 范围 @(_Gte, _Lte,}( GtMS K4+LtMPK5)GeoBoundingBox/GeoRadius- 地理过滤器
C# 客户端
安装官方 Qdrant @. @%Client 组合包 @( @%吉特胡布):
dotnet add package Qdrant.Client
连接设置
using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;
// gRPC client (recommended) - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/interfaces/#grpc-interface
var client = new QdrantClient(
host: "localhost",
port: 6334, // gRPC port (6333 is REST)
https: false
);
// With API key - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/guides/security/
var secureClient = new QdrantClient(
host: "your-qdrant.cloud",
port: 6334,
https: true,
apiKey: "your-api-key"
);
总是使用 gRPC (port @6334)生产@-3-5x 比REST.}快
Windows HTTP/2 修补
在 Windows\ ,\ 启用未加密的 HTTP\ MPK1\ 之前 创建客户端@:
AppContext.SetSwitch("System.Net.Http.SocketsHttpHandler.Http2UnencryptedSupport", true);
关键业务
搜索
// Vector search - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/search/
var results = await client.SearchAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
vector: queryEmbedding,
limit: 10,
filter: filter,
scoreThreshold: 0.5f, // Minimum similarity
searchParams: new SearchParams
{
HnswEf = 128, // Search accuracy (higher = better recall)
Exact = false // Use approximate search
},
withPayload: true
);
foreach (var result in results)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{result.Payload["title"].StringValue}: {result.Score}");
}
批次发件夹
// Batch operations - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/points/#batch-update
var points = documents.Select(doc => new PointStruct
{
Id = new PointId { Uuid = doc.Id },
Vectors = doc.Embedding,
Payload = { ["slug"] = doc.Slug, ["title"] = doc.Title }
}).ToList();
await client.UpsertAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
points: points,
wait: true // Wait for indexing
);
删除删除
// Delete by filter - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/points/#delete-points
await client.DeleteAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
filter: new Filter
{
Must = { new Condition { Field = new FieldCondition
{
Key = "slug",
Match = new Match { Keyword = "old-post" }
}}}
}
);
HNSW 指数图
HNSW 赫尔辛基 @ ( @ 历史导航小世界@ MS K1 is Qdrant}'_ 索引算法=.}
flowchart TB
subgraph "HNSW Graph Layers"
L2[Layer 2 - Sparse]
L1[Layer 1 - Medium]
L0[Layer 0 - Dense]
end
Q[Query] --> L2
L2 --> L1
L1 --> L0
L0 --> R[Nearest Neighbors]
style L2 stroke:#8b5cf6,stroke-width:2px
style L1 stroke:#6366f1,stroke-width:2px
style L0 stroke:#3b82f6,stroke-width:2px
style Q stroke:#10b981,stroke-width:2px
style R stroke:#ef4444,stroke-width:2px
索引参数
// HNSW config - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/indexing/#hnsw-index
var hnswConfig = new HnswConfigDiff
{
M = 16, // Edges per node (16-32 recommended)
EfConstruct = 100, // Build-time accuracy (100-200)
FullScanThreshold = 10000 // Brute force threshold
};
await client.UpdateCollectionAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
hnswConfig: hnswConfig
);
搜索@- @ time 准确性 @:}
var searchParams = new SearchParams
{
HnswEf = 128 // Higher = better recall, slower (64-256)
};
调试指南@:
| “ | 使用案例”“ | M | EfConstruct □ | HnswEf | ”。 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| @ | QFast@,QQ 低调回想起 @MS K2QQ @#8Q} @ | Q#64Q @ @MS卡6QZ32 | Q# | ||
| @ | }平衡的 | @ 16 @ @ @ I | @ @ *100# # | # @ @ 128 @ | |
| @ | @高调回想起# | @ 32} @MS K3 200} @ | @ @ @256_ |
有效载荷指数
创建创建 有效有效载荷指数 用于常见过滤字段@: @%
// Keyword index - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/indexing/#payload-index
await client.CreatePayloadIndexAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
fieldName: "language",
schemaType: PayloadSchemaType.Keyword
);
// Integer index for ranges
await client.CreatePayloadIndexAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
fieldName: "published",
schemaType: PayloadSchemaType.Integer
);
影响#: @ 10-100_x 在大型收藏中快速过滤@.}
量化
量化 减少内存使用@: @%
// Scalar quantization - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/guides/quantization/#scalar-quantization
await client.UpdateCollectionAsync(
collectionName: "blog_posts",
quantizationConfig: new ScalarQuantization
{
Scalar = new ScalarQuantizationConfig
{
Type = ScalarType.Int8, // float32 -> int8
Quantile = 0.99f,
AlwaysRam = true
}
}
);
**贸易 ** @4#x 少一点记忆@,# @ @ ~2% @ recall loss @ ,} 1.5x 快速搜索=.#
嵌入器部署
# docker-compose.yml - see https://qdrant.tech/documentation/guides/installation/
services:
qdrant:
image: qdrant/qdrant:v1.12.1 # Pin version!
ports:
- "6333:6333" # REST
- "6334:6334" # gRPC
volumes:
- qdrant_data:/qdrant/storage
environment:
- QDRANT__SERVICE__GRPC_PORT=6334
- QDRANT__SERVICE__HTTP_PORT=6333
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:6333/health"]
interval: 30s
timeout: 10s
retries: 3
volumes:
qdrant_data:
安全安保安全
启用 API 键密钥认证:
environment:
- QDRANT__SERVICE__API_KEY=your-secret-key
监测监测
计量数
解冻曝光 普罗米修斯指标 至 /metrics:
curl http://localhost:6333/metrics
密钥 mitus:
qdrant_collections_vector_count*- 矢量总量qdrant_rest_responses_duration_seconds“- 查询延迟”qdrant_memory_usage_bytes-内存消耗
抓图
创建创建 备份:
# Create snapshot
curl -X POST http://localhost:6333/collections/blog_posts/snapshots
# List snapshots
curl http://localhost:6333/collections/blog_posts/snapshots
# Restore (copy snapshot to storage/collections/blog_posts/snapshots/)
共犯组织
港口混凝土
- 6333 -=YTET -伊甸园字幕组=- 翻译:
- 6334 ==GRPC API=(=使用这个!)
2. 矢量误配
Error: expected dim: 384, got 768
您的嵌入模型和收藏必须匹配@ : @
all-MiniLM-L6-v2: 384度nomic-embed-text: 768度- 开放国际
text-embedding-3-small: 1536度
“3. 慢速第一查詢”
HNSW 懒惰- 装入内存@. 启动后暖和 @:
await client.SearchAsync("blog_posts", new float[384], limit: 1);
4. 队列过滤
使用 Match.Any 用于数组字段@: @%
new Match { Any = new RepeatedStrings { Strings = { "AI", "ML" } } }
资源资源资源 资源和资源资源资源
官方 Qdrant 文件
- 概览概览概览 正在启动
- 概念的概念 核心概念
- 实收款 -建立和管理收藏
- 点点 - 与矢量合作
- 搜索 -查询操作
- 过滤 - 过滤条件
- 索引编制 NSW和有效载荷指数
- 量化 - 记忆优化
- 安全安保安全 - 認證
- 监测监测 计量和遥测
- 抓图 - 备份并恢复
客户图书馆
- Qdrant @ .@NET 客户端 -=YTET -伊甸园字幕组=- 翻译:
- NuGet 软件包 最新发布
相关条款
源代码
所有代码都可用于 @: @% 多数为平质网,
Mostlylucid.SemanticSearch/Services/QdrantVectorStoreService.cs- Qdrant 整合