Tervetuloa .NETin kattavan oppaan 2. osaan! In Osa 1Tutkimme perusteellisesti Entity Framework Corea, mukaan lukien SQL-sukupolvea, yleisiä salahautoja ja kriittistä varoitusta valtakirjoista ja välienselvittelystä.
Tässä artikkelissa tutustutaan kevyempiin vaihtoehtoihin ja siihen, miten voidaan yhdistää useita lähestymistapoja optimaaliseen suorituskykyyn:
Dopper Se on Stack Overflow'n luoma kevyt, suorituskykyinen mikro-ORM. Se tarjoaa ADO.NETin päälle ohuen kerroksen, joka käsittelee kyselytulosten kartoitustyön objekteille ja antaa samalla täyden SQL-ohjauksen.
Dapper syntyi Stack Overflow'n tarpeesta saada korkeatasoista dataa. Tiimi havaitsi, että täydet ORM:t, kuten Entity Framework (pre-Core), lisäsivät liikaa ylimenoja suurliikenteen skenaarioihin. Dapper antaa 95 prosenttia mukavuudesta, kun vain 5-15 prosenttia on raakaa ADO.NETiä.
using Npgsql;
using Dapper;
public class DapperBlogRepository
{
private readonly string _connectionString;
public DapperBlogRepository(string connectionString)
{
_connectionString = connectionString;
// Configure Dapper to work with PostgreSQL naming conventions
DefaultTypeMap.MatchNamesWithUnderscores = true;
}
// Simple query
public async Task<IEnumerable<BlogPost>> GetRecentPostsAsync(int count)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
SELECT id, title, content, tags, published_date, category_id
FROM blog_posts
ORDER BY published_date DESC
LIMIT @Count";
return await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPost>(sql, new { Count = count });
}
// Query with WHERE clause
public async Task<BlogPost> GetPostByIdAsync(int id)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
SELECT id, title, content, published_date
FROM blog_posts
WHERE id = @Id";
return await connection.QueryFirstOrDefaultAsync<BlogPost>(sql, new { Id = id });
}
// Insert with returning ID
public async Task<int> CreatePostAsync(BlogPost post)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
INSERT INTO blog_posts (title, content, published_date, category_id)
VALUES (@Title, @Content, @PublishedDate, @CategoryId)
RETURNING id";
return await connection.ExecuteScalarAsync<int>(sql, post);
}
// Update
public async Task UpdatePostAsync(BlogPost post)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
UPDATE blog_posts
SET title = @Title,
content = @Content,
published_date = @PublishedDate
WHERE id = @Id";
await connection.ExecuteAsync(sql, post);
}
// Delete
public async Task DeletePostAsync(int id)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = "DELETE FROM blog_posts WHERE id = @Id";
await connection.ExecuteAsync(sql, new { Id = id });
}
}
Yksi Dapperin tehokkaimmista ominaisuuksista on monikartoitus, jossa käsitellään tehokkaasti ja kartoitetaan useita toisiinsa liittyviä esineitä:
public async Task<IEnumerable<BlogPost>> GetPostsWithCategoryAsync()
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
SELECT
p.id, p.title, p.content, p.published_date,
c.id, c.name, c.description
FROM blog_posts p
INNER JOIN categories c ON p.category_id = c.id
ORDER BY p.published_date DESC";
return await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPost, Category, BlogPost>(
sql,
(post, category) =>
{
post.Category = category;
return post;
},
splitOn: "id" // Split at the second "id" column
);
}
// More complex: Posts with comments
public async Task<IEnumerable<BlogPost>> GetPostsWithCommentsAsync()
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
SELECT
p.id, p.title, p.content,
c.id, c.author, c.content, c.created_at
FROM blog_posts p
LEFT JOIN comments c ON p.id = c.blog_post_id
ORDER BY p.published_date DESC, c.created_at";
var postDict = new Dictionary<int, BlogPost>();
await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPost, Comment, BlogPost>(
sql,
(post, comment) =>
{
if (!postDict.TryGetValue(post.Id, out var existingPost))
{
existingPost = post;
existingPost.Comments = new List<Comment>();
postDict.Add(post.Id, existingPost);
}
if (comment != null)
{
existingPost.Comments.Add(comment);
}
return existingPost;
},
splitOn: "id"
);
return postDict.Values;
}
Dynaamiset muuttujat monimutkaisille kyselyille:
public async Task<IEnumerable<BlogPost>> SearchWithDynamicFiltersAsync(SearchCriteria criteria)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
var parameters = new DynamicParameters();
var conditions = new List<string>();
var sql = new StringBuilder("SELECT * FROM blog_posts");
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(criteria.SearchTerm))
{
conditions.Add("search_vector @@ to_tsquery('english', @SearchTerm)");
parameters.Add("SearchTerm", criteria.SearchTerm);
}
if (criteria.CategoryIds?.Any() == true)
{
conditions.Add("category_id = ANY(@CategoryIds)");
parameters.Add("CategoryIds", criteria.CategoryIds);
}
if (criteria.FromDate.HasValue)
{
conditions.Add("published_date >= @FromDate");
parameters.Add("FromDate", criteria.FromDate.Value);
}
if (criteria.Tags?.Any() == true)
{
conditions.Add("tags && @Tags"); // PostgreSQL array overlap
parameters.Add("Tags", criteria.Tags);
}
if (conditions.Any())
{
sql.Append(" WHERE ");
sql.Append(string.Join(" AND ", conditions));
}
sql.Append(" ORDER BY published_date DESC LIMIT @Limit");
parameters.Add("Limit", criteria.Limit);
return await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPost>(sql.ToString(), parameters);
}
PostgreSQL-tyypeille mukautetut tyyppikäsittelimet:
// Handle PostgreSQL arrays
public class PostgresArrayTypeHandler : SqlMapper.TypeHandler<string[]>
{
public override void SetValue(IDbDataParameter parameter, string[] value)
{
parameter.Value = value;
((NpgsqlParameter)parameter).NpgsqlDbType = NpgsqlDbType.Array | NpgsqlDbType.Text;
}
public override string[] Parse(object value)
{
return (string[])value;
}
}
// Handle PostgreSQL JSONB
public class JsonTypeHandler<T> : SqlMapper.TypeHandler<T>
{
public override void SetValue(IDbDataParameter parameter, T value)
{
parameter.Value = JsonSerializer.Serialize(value);
((NpgsqlParameter)parameter).NpgsqlDbType = NpgsqlDbType.Jsonb;
}
public override T Parse(object value)
{
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(value.ToString());
}
}
// Register handlers (in startup)
SqlMapper.AddTypeHandler(new PostgresArrayTypeHandler());
SqlMapper.AddTypeHandler(new JsonTypeHandler<Dictionary<string, object>>());
Bulk Operations with PostgreSQL COPY:
public async Task BulkInsertPostsAsync(IEnumerable<BlogPost> posts)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
await connection.OpenAsync();
using var writer = await connection.BeginBinaryImportAsync(
"COPY blog_posts (title, content, tags, published_date) FROM STDIN (FORMAT BINARY)"
);
foreach (var post in posts)
{
await writer.StartRowAsync();
await writer.WriteAsync(post.Title);
await writer.WriteAsync(post.Content);
await writer.WriteAsync(post.Tags, NpgsqlDbType.Array | NpgsqlDbType.Text);
await writer.WriteAsync(post.PublishedDate);
}
await writer.CompleteAsync();
}
Transaktiotuki:
public async Task TransferPostToCategoryAsync(int postId, int newCategoryId)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
await connection.OpenAsync();
using var transaction = await connection.BeginTransactionAsync();
try
{
// Update the post
await connection.ExecuteAsync(
"UPDATE blog_posts SET category_id = @CategoryId WHERE id = @PostId",
new { CategoryId = newCategoryId, PostId = postId },
transaction
);
// Log the change
await connection.ExecuteAsync(
@"INSERT INTO category_history (post_id, category_id, changed_at)
VALUES (@PostId, @CategoryId, @ChangedAt)",
new { PostId = postId, CategoryId = newCategoryId, ChangedAt = DateTime.UtcNow },
transaction
);
await transaction.CommitAsync();
}
catch
{
await transaction.RollbackAsync();
throw;
}
}
Käytä Dapperia, kun:
Vältä Dopperia, kun:
Absoluuttiseen maksimaaliseen suorituskykyyn ja ohjaukseen voit käyttää Npgsql suoraan ilman ORM-kerrosta.
Raw ADO.NET on tarkoituksenmukaista, kun
public class NpgsqlBlogRepository
{
private readonly string _connectionString;
public async Task<List<BlogPost>> GetRecentPostsAsync(int count)
{
var posts = new List<BlogPost>();
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
await connection.OpenAsync();
using var command = new NpgsqlCommand(
"SELECT id, title, content, tags, published_date FROM blog_posts ORDER BY published_date DESC LIMIT @count",
connection
);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("count", count);
using var reader = await command.ExecuteReaderAsync();
while (await reader.ReadAsync())
{
posts.Add(new BlogPost
{
Id = reader.GetInt32(0),
Title = reader.GetString(1),
Content = reader.GetString(2),
Tags = reader.GetFieldValue<string[]>(3),
PublishedDate = reader.GetDateTime(4)
});
}
return posts;
}
// Using prepared statements for repeated queries
public async Task<BlogPost> GetPostByIdAsync(int id)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
await connection.OpenAsync();
using var command = new NpgsqlCommand(
"SELECT id, title, content FROM blog_posts WHERE id = $1",
connection
);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue(id);
await command.PrepareAsync(); // Prepared statement for performance
using var reader = await command.ExecuteReaderAsync();
if (await reader.ReadAsync())
{
return new BlogPost
{
Id = reader.GetInt32(0),
Title = reader.GetString(1),
Content = reader.GetString(2)
};
}
return null;
}
// Working with PostgreSQL JSONB
public async Task<Dictionary<string, object>> GetPostMetadataAsync(int id)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
await connection.OpenAsync();
using var command = new NpgsqlCommand(
"SELECT metadata FROM blog_posts WHERE id = $1",
connection
);
command.Parameters.AddWithValue(id);
var json = await command.ExecuteScalarAsync() as string;
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, object>>(json);
}
// Streaming large result sets
public async IAsyncEnumerable<BlogPost> StreamAllPostsAsync()
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
await connection.OpenAsync();
using var command = new NpgsqlCommand(
"SELECT id, title, content FROM blog_posts ORDER BY id",
connection
);
using var reader = await command.ExecuteReaderAsync();
while (await reader.ReadAsync())
{
yield return new BlogPost
{
Id = reader.GetInt32(0),
Title = reader.GetString(1),
Content = reader.GetString(2)
};
}
}
}
Kun työskentelet Dapperin tai raa'an ADO.NETin kanssa, sinun täytyy usein kartoittaa eri objektiesitelmien (DTO:t, kokonaisuudet, katso mallit) välillä. Useat kirjastot voivat automatisoida tämän.
Kartta on nopea, konventointiin perustuva esinekartturi, joka käyttää lähdesukupolvea optimaaliseen suorituskykyyn.
// Install: Mapster and Mapster.Tool
using Mapster;
public class BlogPostDto
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Title { get; set; }
public string Summary { get; set; }
public List<string> CategoryNames { get; set; }
}
public class BlogPost
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Title { get; set; }
public string Content { get; set; }
public List<Category> Categories { get; set; }
}
// Configuration
public class MappingConfig : IRegister
{
public void Register(TypeAdapterConfig config)
{
config.NewConfig<BlogPost, BlogPostDto>()
.Map(dest => dest.Summary, src => src.Content.Substring(0, Math.Min(200, src.Content.Length)))
.Map(dest => dest.CategoryNames, src => src.Categories.Select(c => c.Name).ToList());
// Reverse map with ignore
config.NewConfig<BlogPostDto, BlogPost>()
.Ignore(dest => dest.Content);
}
}
// Registration in Program.cs
TypeAdapterConfig.GlobalSettings.Scan(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
// Usage with Dapper
public class BlogService
{
private readonly string _connectionString;
public async Task<List<BlogPostDto>> GetPostsAsync()
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
var posts = await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPost>(@"
SELECT p.id, p.title, p.content
FROM blog_posts p
");
// Map to DTOs - very fast with Mapster
return posts.Adapt<List<BlogPostDto>>();
}
// Projection mapping (compile-time)
public async Task<List<BlogPostDto>> GetPostsDtosDirectlyAsync()
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
// Query directly to DTO shape
return (await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPostDto>(@"
SELECT
id,
title,
SUBSTRING(content, 1, 200) as summary
FROM blog_posts
")).ToList();
}
}
AutoMapper on suosituin karttakirjasto, tosin hitaampi kuin Mapster.
// Install: AutoMapper and AutoMapper.Extensions.Microsoft.DependencyInjection
using AutoMapper;
public class MappingProfile : Profile
{
public MappingProfile()
{
CreateMap<BlogPost, BlogPostDto>()
.ForMember(d => d.Summary, opt => opt.MapFrom(s =>
s.Content.Length > 200 ? s.Content.Substring(0, 200) : s.Content))
.ForMember(d => d.CategoryNames, opt => opt.MapFrom(s =>
s.Categories.Select(c => c.Name)));
// Reverse map
CreateMap<BlogPostDto, BlogPost>()
.ForMember(d => d.Content, opt => opt.Ignore());
}
}
// Registration in Program.cs
services.AddAutoMapper(typeof(MappingProfile));
// Usage
public class BlogService
{
private readonly IMapper _mapper;
private readonly string _connectionString;
public BlogService(IMapper mapper, IConfiguration configuration)
{
_mapper = mapper;
_connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");
}
public async Task<List<BlogPostDto>> GetPostsAsync()
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
var posts = await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPost>(@"
SELECT id, title, content FROM blog_posts
");
return _mapper.Map<List<BlogPostDto>>(posts.ToList());
}
}
Joskus paras lähestymistapa on selkeä manuaalinen kartoitus:
public static class BlogPostMapper
{
public static BlogPostDto ToDto(this BlogPost post)
{
return new BlogPostDto
{
Id = post.Id,
Title = post.Title,
Summary = post.Content.Length > 200
? post.Content.Substring(0, 200) + "..."
: post.Content,
CategoryNames = post.Categories?.Select(c => c.Name).ToList() ?? new List<string>()
};
}
public static List<BlogPostDto> ToDtoList(this IEnumerable<BlogPost> posts)
{
return posts.Select(p => p.ToDto()).ToList();
}
// Inline mapping for simple cases
public static BlogPostDto MapToDto(BlogPost post) => new()
{
Id = post.Id,
Title = post.Title,
Summary = post.Content[..Math.Min(200, post.Content.Length)]
};
}
// Usage
var posts = await _repository.GetAllPostsAsync();
var dtos = posts.ToDtoList();
BenchmarkDotNet Results (mapping 1000 objects):
Method | Mean | Allocated
--------------------|-----------|----------
Manual Mapping | 45.2 μs | 78 KB
Mapster | 52.1 μs | 79 KB
AutoMapper | 184.3 μs | 156 KB
Tärkeimmät takeawayt:
Todellisissa sovelluksissa haluat usein käyttää erilaisia lähestymistapoja eri skenaarioihin saman sovelluksen sisällä. suositeltu lähestymistapa suurimmalle osalle tuotantojärjestelmistä.
CQRS-malli (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) on luonteva tapa käyttää hybrididataa. MartenKatso artikkelini aiheesta Nykyaikainen CQRS ja tapahtumakilpailu.
Miten Marten viittaa tähän keskusteluun:
Marten on PostgreSQL:lle rakennettu dokumenttitietokanta ja tapahtumamyymälä, joka vie hybrididatan toiselle tasolle. Siinä yhdistyvät:
Vaikka tässä artikkelissa keskitytään perinteiseen suhdetietoon (EF Core, Dapper), Marten näyttää, miten PostgreSQL:n kehittyneitä ominaisuuksia (JSONB, tapahtumavirrat) voidaan hyödyntää hienostuneen arkkitehtuurin toteuttamiseen. Periaatteet ovat samat:
graph TB
Client[Client Application]
subgraph "Write Side - Commands"
WriteAPI[Write API / Commands]
EFCore[EF Core Context]
WriteDB[(PostgreSQL<br/>Write Operations)]
end
subgraph "Read Side - Queries"
ReadAPI[Read API / Queries]
Dapper[Dapper Repository]
ReadDB[(PostgreSQL<br/>Read Operations)]
end
Client -->|Create/Update/Delete| WriteAPI
WriteAPI --> EFCore
EFCore -->|Change Tracking<br/>Validation<br/>Business Logic| WriteDB
Client -->|Query/Search| ReadAPI
ReadAPI --> Dapper
Dapper -->|Optimized SQL<br/>DTOs<br/>No Tracking| ReadDB
WriteDB -.->|Same Database| ReadDB
style Client stroke:#6366f1,stroke-width:2px
style WriteAPI stroke:#2563eb,stroke-width:2px
style EFCore stroke:#2563eb,stroke-width:2px
style WriteDB stroke:#2563eb,stroke-width:2px
style ReadAPI stroke:#059669,stroke-width:2px
style Dapper stroke:#059669,stroke-width:2px
style ReadDB stroke:#059669,stroke-width:2px
Tällä mallilla on vipuvaikutusta:
// Commands: Use EF Core for change tracking and validation
public class BlogCommandService
{
private readonly BlogDbContext _context;
private readonly ILogger<BlogCommandService> _logger;
public BlogCommandService(BlogDbContext context, ILogger<BlogCommandService> logger)
{
_context = context;
_logger = logger;
}
public async Task<int> CreatePostAsync(CreatePostCommand command)
{
// Business logic and validation
var post = new BlogPost
{
Title = command.Title,
Content = command.Content,
CategoryId = command.CategoryId,
PublishedDate = DateTime.UtcNow
};
_context.BlogPosts.Add(post);
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("Created blog post {PostId}", post.Id);
return post.Id;
}
public async Task UpdatePostAsync(UpdatePostCommand command)
{
var post = await _context.BlogPosts.FindAsync(command.Id);
if (post == null)
throw new InvalidOperationException($"Post {command.Id} not found");
post.Title = command.Title;
post.Content = command.Content;
post.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("Updated blog post {PostId}", post.Id);
}
public async Task DeletePostAsync(int id)
{
var post = await _context.BlogPosts.FindAsync(id);
if (post != null)
{
_context.BlogPosts.Remove(post);
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
_logger.LogInformation("Deleted blog post {PostId}", id);
}
}
}
// Queries: Use Dapper for read performance
public class BlogQueryService
{
private readonly string _connectionString;
private readonly ILogger<BlogQueryService> _logger;
public BlogQueryService(IConfiguration configuration, ILogger<BlogQueryService> logger)
{
_connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");
_logger = logger;
}
public async Task<BlogPostDto> GetPostBySlugAsync(string slug)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
SELECT
p.id,
p.title,
p.slug,
p.content,
p.published_date,
c.id as category_id,
c.name as category_name,
(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM comments WHERE blog_post_id = p.id) as comment_count
FROM blog_posts p
INNER JOIN categories c ON p.category_id = c.id
WHERE p.slug = @Slug";
var post = await connection.QueryFirstOrDefaultAsync<BlogPostDto>(sql, new { Slug = slug });
if (post != null)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Retrieved blog post by slug {Slug}", slug);
}
return post;
}
public async Task<PagedResult<BlogPostSummaryDto>> GetRecentPostsAsync(int page, int pageSize)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
SELECT
p.id,
p.title,
p.slug,
LEFT(p.content, 200) as summary,
p.published_date,
c.name as category_name
FROM blog_posts p
INNER JOIN categories c ON p.category_id = c.id
ORDER BY p.published_date DESC
LIMIT @PageSize OFFSET @Offset";
const string countSql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM blog_posts";
var posts = await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPostSummaryDto>(
sql,
new { PageSize = pageSize, Offset = (page - 1) * pageSize }
);
var totalCount = await connection.ExecuteScalarAsync<int>(countSql);
return new PagedResult<BlogPostSummaryDto>
{
Items = posts.ToList(),
TotalCount = totalCount,
Page = page,
PageSize = pageSize
};
}
public async Task<List<BlogPostDto>> SearchPostsAsync(string searchTerm)
{
using var connection = new NpgsqlConnection(_connectionString);
const string sql = @"
SELECT
p.id,
p.title,
p.slug,
p.content,
p.published_date,
c.name as category_name,
ts_rank(p.search_vector, query) as relevance_score
FROM blog_posts p
INNER JOIN categories c ON p.category_id = c.id,
to_tsquery('english', @SearchTerm) query
WHERE p.search_vector @@ query
ORDER BY relevance_score DESC
LIMIT 50";
var posts = await connection.QueryAsync<BlogPostDto>(sql, new { SearchTerm = searchTerm });
_logger.LogInformation(
"Searched posts with term {SearchTerm}, found {Count} results",
searchTerm,
posts.Count()
);
return posts.ToList();
}
}
// Service layer orchestrating commands and queries
public class BlogService
{
private readonly BlogCommandService _commands;
private readonly BlogQueryService _queries;
public BlogService(BlogCommandService commands, BlogQueryService queries)
{
_commands = commands;
_queries = queries;
}
// Write operations delegate to command service
public Task<int> CreatePostAsync(CreatePostCommand command) => _commands.CreatePostAsync(command);
public Task UpdatePostAsync(UpdatePostCommand command) => _commands.UpdatePostAsync(command);
public Task DeletePostAsync(int id) => _commands.DeletePostAsync(id);
// Read operations delegate to query service
public Task<BlogPostDto> GetPostBySlugAsync(string slug) => _queries.GetPostBySlugAsync(slug);
public Task<PagedResult<BlogPostSummaryDto>> GetRecentPostsAsync(int page, int pageSize)
=> _queries.GetRecentPostsAsync(page, pageSize);
public Task<List<BlogPostDto>> SearchPostsAsync(string searchTerm)
=> _queries.SearchPostsAsync(searchTerm);
}
Sovellukset, jotka ovat pääasiassa EF Corea mutta jotka tarvitsevat satunnaista suorituskyvyn optimointia:
public class BlogService
{
private readonly BlogDbContext _context;
// 95% of queries: Use EF Core LINQ
public async Task<List<BlogPost>> GetPostsByCategoryAsync(int categoryId)
{
return await _context.BlogPosts
.Where(p => p.CategoryId == categoryId)
.Include(p => p.Comments)
.ToListAsync();
}
// 5% of queries: Use raw SQL for complex analytics
public async Task<List<PostAnalytics>> GetPostAnalyticsAsync()
{
using var connection = _context.Database.GetDbConnection();
await _context.Database.OpenConnectionAsync();
using var command = connection.CreateCommand();
command.CommandText = @"
WITH post_metrics AS (
SELECT
p.id,
p.title,
COUNT(DISTINCT c.id) as comment_count,
COUNT(DISTINCT v.id) as view_count,
AVG(c.sentiment_score) as avg_sentiment
FROM blog_posts p
LEFT JOIN comments c ON p.id = c.post_id
LEFT JOIN post_views v ON p.id = v.post_id
WHERE p.published_date >= NOW() - INTERVAL '30 days'
GROUP BY p.id, p.title
)
SELECT * FROM post_metrics
ORDER BY view_count DESC";
var analytics = new List<PostAnalytics>();
using var reader = await command.ExecuteReaderAsync();
while (await reader.ReadAsync())
{
analytics.Add(new PostAnalytics
{
PostId = reader.GetInt32(0),
Title = reader.GetString(1),
CommentCount = reader.GetInt64(2),
ViewCount = reader.GetInt64(3),
AverageSentiment = reader.IsDBNull(4) ? 0 : reader.GetDouble(4)
});
}
return analytics;
}
}
Tarkastellaanpa tosimaailman suoritusten vertailukohtia Postin ja SQL:n yhteisille toiminnoille:
BenchmarkDotNet Results (Lower is Better):
Method | Mean | Allocated
------------------------- |----------- |-----------
EF Core (No Tracking) | 12.34 ms | 2.4 MB
EF Core (With Tracking) | 15.67 ms | 4.8 MB
Dapper | 8.21 ms | 1.8 MB
Raw Npgsql | 7.45 ms | 1.2 MB
Method | Mean | Allocated
------------------------- |----------- |-----------
EF Core (SaveChanges) | 245.3 ms | 15.2 MB
EF Core (BulkInsert) | 42.1 ms | 8.4 MB
Dapper (Loop) | 189.7 ms | 2.1 MB
Npgsql COPY | 18.3 ms | 0.8 MB
Method | Mean | Allocated
------------------------- |----------- |-----------
EF Core (Include) | 28.5 ms | 5.2 MB
EF Core (Split Query) | 24.1 ms | 4.8 MB
Dapper (Multi-Map) | 16.8 ms | 3.1 MB
Raw Npgsql | 15.2 ms | 2.4 MB
Katso Osa 1 kattava EF Core -ohjeistus.
.NET-sovelluksen oikean tietoyhteyden valinnassa PostgreSQL:n kanssa ei ole kyse "paras" työkalun löytämisestä, vaan oikean työkalun sovittamisesta omiin erityistarpeisiin:
Käytännössä menestyneimmissä sovelluksissa käytetään usein hybridilähestymistapaKunkin työkalun vahvuuksien hyödyntäminen tarvittaessa:
Avain on:
Muista, että ennenaikainen optimointi on kaiken pahan alkulähde, mutta niin on myös sellaisen järjestelmän rakentaminen, joka ei voi tarvittaessa skaalata. Aloita yksinkertainen, mittaa suorituskykyä ja optimoi siellä, missä sillä on merkitystä.
Tämän sarjan 1 osa:
Virallinen asiakirja:
Aiheeseen liittyvät artikkelit tästä blogista:
Tähän päättyy kaksiosainen tietoverkkosarjamme .NETissä! Olemme käsitelleet kaikkea EF Coren tehokkaista abstraktioista raakaan SQL:n maksimaaliseen suorituskykyyn ja käytännön ohjeistusta lähestymistapojen yhdistämisestä optimaalisiin tuloksiin.
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